Window operating mechanism



Dec. 6, 1955 R. ZIESMER 2,726,032

WINDOW OPERATING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 5, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 a 5 R c 3.. M A Zlunmw .l IDI- r .IFHIVJ MN; 1 J U M1: lilulllllllllv Y... E EW :wdLfu Wm A a r T m 4 R ant-5,, M,%zu-

Dec. 6, 1955 R. ZIESMER WINDOW OPERATING MECHANISM 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 3, 1954 INVENTOR. RICHARD ZIESMER.

Dec; 6, 1955 R. ZIESMER 2,726,082

wmnow OPERATING MECHANISM Filed Aug. 3, 1954 s Sheets-Sheet 5 LAEL United States Patent WINDOW OPERATING MECHANISM i" RichardZiesrnen; Pittsburgh, Pa.

Application August 3,1954, Serial No. 447,480

' 13: Claims. citass-41.7

This invention relates to windows. such as casement windows-and other windows which are mounted to swing insteadofsl'iding up and down, andthe. invention is'also applicable to any other d'ooror closure designed to open and close similarly to a casement window. It will be hereinafter described specifically in connection with casement windows, by way of illustration and-not limitation.

Windows such as casement. windows commonlyhave a sash which. is pivoted to the frame at the. top and bottom of one side of. the sash by outwardly-protruding hinges. The purpose. of the outwardly-protruding hinges is to cause'the window to move in such manner from. a closed to an open. position that the side rail. of the sash adjacenttlie hinges will be moved away from theconfronting side rail of the frame, so that the window, insteadof merely swinging. open like a door, has a compound movement that will carry the hinged edge of the sash away from the side of the frame on which it is hung. An important purpose of this arrangement is to permit the housekeeper to reach out and clean both the inside and. the outside of the glass in the sash when the window is open, while another important purpose is to secure better ventilation throughthe window, in that currents of air striki'ngthe window from either side can enter the room, whereas if the. window hinged.- on a conventional hinge as: does a door, it would tend toclose off an entering breeze from one direction.

The conventional arrangement using such outwardlyprojecting hinges is only partly satisfactory for the purpose because with the. hinge referredto the pivoting. edge of the window is moved. toward the vertical'center of. the frame a.distance whichisonly about. equal to. the, distance thatthe hinge. projects beyond theframe,.and."therefore thereisonly a-. relatively narrow space. when the window is open through which the housekeeper may pass her. arm. Thisspace: is inadequate. for the. manipulation of the cloth orother cleaningelement. the space is.especially noticeable where the. windows are used. in;brick and stone houses, and.the. windows are. well recessed from the outer face of. the wall. In such case it is impossible. for, one to have access. to the outer. face ofthe glass without grazing or scraping, ones armagainst the brick or stone at one. side. of the. window frame; When such a window is: open, thereis. more than sufiicient. room at the other side of the window, the space being. even great enough for a person to fallthrough.

Moreover the. protruding hinges, besidesbeing unsightly, are exposed to the weather. They are readily susceptible of damageeither in shipment or erection, and. if the hinges are bent or become rusty, the window will not operate satisfactorily.

The primary object of my invention isto provide a window operating mechanism that avoids the. use: of outwardly-protruding. hinges, but. which provides a greater movementof. the pivoting. edge of the. window sash toward the vertical center of'the frame as the wi'ndow'opens than presently available constructions.

A further object of'my invention is to provide a posi- The. restriction. of

2,726,082 Patented Dec. 6, 1955 tively operating mechanism for opening, and closing, a swinging window which is relatively simple, will hold the window in adjusted position, and which, when the window is closed, is. entirely within the outside plane. of the window, being devoid of projecting hinges or other protruding parts.

A further object of my invention is to provide a mechanism for swinging windows and the like wherein there is a compound or combined sliding and swinging movement of'the'sash with respect to the. frame, withsufiicient travel of the pivoting edge of the window frame to carry it well toward the middle of the frame and'thereby provide'a wide space at each side of the sash when the window is open, through which access may be. had to-the window for cleaning it. Incidentally because the sash travels more nearly to the center of the window when it is opened, a condition is created which is less favorable for a person-to accidentally fall out the window.

These. and. other objects and advantages are obtained by my invention as will be hereinafter more fully apparent.

According to my invention, a guide link is pivotally attached to the window frame and to a cross rail of the sash intermediate. its two edges, whereby the guide link swings out or in as. the window is opened or closed, changing its angular position simultaneously with respect to the sash and the frame. It is, however, fixed as to length, so that the movement'of the window is controlled. by it. Additionally the main pivots about which the window hinges. or swings are. on slides, so that the opening. of the window is accomplished by a sliding motion of the main pivots from one side of the frame toward'the vertical center line of'the window frame, and when the window is closed the main pivots slide from a. point near the vertical. center line of the. frame toward one side rail of the frame; In addition to this there is. an operating link age whereby the sliding, movement of the sash may occur, upon the opening of'the Window, only if the window has been. partially. opened. Likewise in the closing of the window. the sliding motionof the sash occurs first. so that in the final closing the windowhas' only a direct swing: ing movement;

The operatinglinkage above referred to is characteri'zedby the provisionof' an operating member that swings i'rr-an arc; A link is. connected to this. operating. member at one end, and has its other. end. connected with the sa'shin such'rnanner thatlin the initial opening orifinal closing movement of the sash, suchlink is parallel'with the sash and has only a relative sliding movement with respect to the sash, butinjother positions it is restrained from sliding. and has only relative angular movement with respect to the sash.

M'y invention maybe more fully understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig, 1 is a front. elevation of a typical windowhavi'ng my. invention applied thereto, showing the window as viewed from the inside. of the house in which the-window is located;

Fig. 2 is acomposite view, being a section through the frame in the plane of line II-I'I ofFig; 1', but on a larger scale, with the. operating parts being shown in plan and: the window frame. dotted, and 'with the parts on the sash-being shown in. top plan in the position which they occupy when the window sash is open, the sash itself. being shown in dotted lines, it." being understood that the partsshown in plan are actually mounted on the.under side of the sash rail where they are invisible, this portion of the view being sometimes alluded to as an Xray' view;

'Fig: 3* is a bottom plan view ona larger scale; of the parts on the bottom of the sash rail, theparts being in the position shown in Fig. 2, but because the view is from the bottom instead of the top as in Fig. 1, the parts appear reversed;

Figs. 4 and 5 are transverse sections through the bottom rail of the sash in the plane of lines IV-IV and V-V respectively of Fig. 2, but being on an even larger scale;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but with the parts in an intermediate position between the full open and full closed position;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 6, showing the window closed slightly further;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary bottom plan view of a portion of Fig. 7, but with the parts in the position of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a bottom plan view of the mechanism in the fully closed position of the Window;

Fig. 11 is a transverse section in the plane of line XI-XI of Fig. 9, but on a larger scale, and in an upside down position;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary detail view in vertical transverse section through the main bottom pivot and slide, the view being in the plane of line XII-XII of Fig. 6; and

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 12, but showing the main top pivot, the sash rail and frame being here shown in section.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, and first to Fig. 1, 2 designates generally the window frame for a casement window, and 3 is the window sash. The frame has vertical side rails 4 and 5, and top and bottom rails 6 and 7, respectively. In a metal window these are usually Z bars.

The window has side rails 8 and 9 and top and bottom sash rails 10 and 11 respectively. In a metal window these too are usually a 2 section. The outwardly-turned flanges of the rails of the window frame usually lap over the outside wall of the building; and when the window is closed, as for example in Fig. 10, the peripheral flanges of the sash lap over the face of the frame. This is a well-known construction and forms no part of my invention.

According to my invention, a guide link 12 is hinged to the bottom rail of the sash at 13, the hinge 13 being located intermediate the vertical center line of the window, and the side rail 8 of the sash. The other end of the link 12 is hinged at 14 to the inner face of the window frame side rail 5; that is the link 12 has a length greater than half the full width of the window. A similar link 12' is preferably provided at the top of the window, the corresponding hinges being indicated at 13 and 14' respectively.

In the opening of the window, the side rail 8 of the sash moves from the position shown in Fig. 1 toward the vertical center line of the window, and the purpose of the link 12 is to guide the window so that as the window slides to bring the rail 8 toward the center, it will at the same time swing outwardly. To provide for the combined sliding and swinging movement, the sash has a main bottom pivot assembly 15 at the right bottom corner as viewed in Fig. 1, and a main pivot assembly 16 at the top right corner.

Describing first the main bottom pivot assembly, there is a metal lug 17 (see Figs. 2 and 10) projecting laterally from the sash frame at the bottom right corner. (It should be borne in mind that I am here describing the drawing which shows a window that is hinged on the right, but everything may be reversed, side for side, if the hinge is at the left, which is a common expedient). This lug 17 has an eye that fits over a pin 18 (see Fig. 12) that is on a slide block which has a metal shell 19 in which is a plastic shoe 20. The shoe is grooved in its bottom surface to set astraddle a slide or ridge-like track 21 that is secured to the top surface of the bottom rail 7 of the frame, and which extends from the right bottom corner of the frame to a point near the middle of the bottom rail 7 (see Figs. 2 and 6). As a matter of fact there is a small opening cut through the bottom of the side rail 4 of the frame so that when the window is fully closed as shown in Fig. 12, the lug, pivot and slide shoe can move to the position shown in Fig. 12, the slide or track 21 being long enough to permit travel of the pivot to this position.

The track, being in the form of an upstanding ridge on the bottom rail of the window frame, can readily drain water and condensate and free itself of dirt so that the sliding shoe 20 always has a dirt and ice-free runway.

The pivot assembly 16 at the top corner of the window is provided by a lug 22 similar to lug 17 on the bottom corner, and this lug fits over pivot pin 23 (see Fig. 13), the pin 23 having a roller or button 24 that works in a channel-like track 25 secured to the under side of the top rail 6 of the frame, the track 25 being coextensive with the track 21, so that the top and bottom pivots may slide along the frame from the right toward the middle at the same time and keep in vertical alignment.

By reason of the sliding pivot assemblies the righthand rail 8 of the sash may slide back and forth along the top and bottom rails of the frame from the retracted closed position of Fig. 10 to the extended open position of Fig. 2, but because of the guide links 12 and 12, the sliding movement must also cause an angular movement tending to swing the sash from a plane parallel with the frame, as shown in Fig. 10, to a position at right angles to the frame, as shown in Fig. 2.

Thus my invention contemplates first a sash having a sliding pivot assembly at the top and bottom corner at one side of the sash to enable the pivoted edge of the sash to slide from adjacent the side frame to a point near the middle of the window in combination with guide links by which the sliding also causes a swinging of the sash.

In order to effect the sliding and swinging, my invention further provides an operating mechanism which is unique and novel. There is mounted on the inside of the bottom rail 7 of the window frame a conventional operating mechanism of the type now used for operating casement windows. This conventional mechanism includes a casing 30 from which projects an operating crank 31, and the turning movement of the crank 31 causes an operating arm 32 (see Figs. 2, 6 and 8) to swing in an arc. This is effected by a worm and segmental rack within the casing, as is well understood in the art, and which per se constitutes no part of my invention. It is of interest, however, that with my invention the operating arm 32 is relatively short as compared with the long arm normally required.

According to my invention a link 33 is pivotally connected at 34 to the free end of the arm 32. This link has its other end connected to a pivot pin 35 that is mounted on the under side of the bottom rail of the sash, and which has a limited sliding movement on the bottom rail, as will be hereinafter more fully described, so that in some positions of the sash the end of the link 33, which is connected to the sash through the sliding pivot, may have a relative sliding or rectilinear movement but no angular movement relative to the sash, and in other positions the pivot is held against sliding and there may be only relative angular movement between the sash and the link 33.

More specifically, in the form shown, the pivot pin 35 is mounted on and carried by a slide strip 36 mounted on the under side of the bottom sash rail, this slide strip 36 being guided in a sheet metal channel 37 also secured to the under side of the sash rail, the channel 37 having side flanges 38 that overhang the strip 36 and keep it from dropping out. The side flanges 38 terminate at 39 so that the left end of the fixed channel 37 as viewed in Fig. 3, for example, is in the form of a fiat tongue, and

the screw 40 secures itto the bottom rail of the sash.

The'pivot-carrying slide strip 36 near the. end remote from the pivot 35 has downwardly-turned edges 360 ('see Fig.. 5') which form runners to elevate this end of the strip, and beyond these runners'the strip is offset and widened, providing a portion 36b (see Figs. 3 and 4) which-projects over the side'flanges 38 of the keeper channeli The portion 36b has a projecting resilient tongue 41 thereon extending to the left from the portion 36b as viewed in- Fig: 3, and which extends along the outside of the keeper channel. The tongue 41 has a contact strip or abutment 42 at its outer end which, in the position shown in- Fig. 3, abuts against the end. 39 of one of the side channels 38", and which constitutes a latch for re straining the pivot-carrying strip 36 from sliding movement toward the right as viewed in Fig. 3. The resilient tongue 42- provides a biasing force to urge the latch to latching position. When the latch 42 is sprung back in the. direction-ofthearrow'in- Fig. 3, it will clear the end of the channel flange 38, whereupon the pivot-carrying strip 36 is free to slide toward the right. In Fig. 9 the latch is: shown in the position to which it is sprung to free the. slide strip for sliding movement.

The bottom-of the guide channel37 has a lug 43 struck downwardly from the underside thereof (see Fig. 3) which is locatedin' the: path of travel of the head of the pivot pin 35 to limit the movement of the slide 37 and of the pivotpin 35 on the slide in a left-hand'direction so-that the. slide 37 cannot move to the left any further than'sis shown in Fig. 3.

When. the. window is in the wide open position, the partstare in. the. relative positions shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. At this time the latchv 42v is abutted against the end of the'flange' 39 of the guide channel on the under side: ofthe sash, and the. pivot pin 35 is restrained from further movement toward the left by contactwith the abutment: 43. To closethe window the operator turns thescrank31 which causes the arm 32 to move in a clockwise direction; as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2. It is to benotedthat the pivot'pin 35'is at a point intermediate the: hinge 13 for the guide link 12 and the main pivot assembly 15. The. movement of the arm creates a thrust on: the link 33: which. is transmitted through the pivot 35 tothe' sash, tending to move the main pivot assembly 15 (and 16-) for the sash toward the side rail of the frame. The: link. 12', however, restrains the whole sash from sliding, and therefore the sash swings inwardly as the pivot assembly 15. slides along the track 21.

In Fig: 6 the window is shown in a partly closed positionz-where the sliding: pivot' assembly 15 is near the opposite: extremity of its travel along the track and the window is moved from the right angle position of Fig. 2 tea semi-closed position. The link 12 has moved into closes-parallelism with the frame, and the link 33 is in closer parallelism with the bottom rail of the sash. The link 33' is exerting a tendency to push the pivot 35 along the: rail (upwardly as viewed in Fig. 6) but this thrust is resisted by the. latch 42 which holds the slide on which the pivot is. carried from moving. The position of the sliding strip 37 for the pivot 35 and the engagement of thelatch= at thisposition is clearly shown in Fig. 7.

As the arm 32 continues to move in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 6, the pivot assembly 15 is slid to the extremev limit of its travel when it is in the position shown in Fig. 8, and at this time a washer or. roller 34a on the pivot 34(see Fig. 11') strikes the latch 42 and push'esit as showninFig. 9 to a position where the latch clears the end 39 of the flange 38. This allows the pivot pin 35 and: its mounting to slide upwardly as viewed in Fig. 8, andthe head 34b of the pivot pin 34 enters between the flanges 38: of the guide 37. This locks the link 33 to the bottom of the sash and as the arm 32 then continues toswing inwardly in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 8, the. sash will be pulled into closed position directly by the arm; 32, there being; at thistime-only a pivoting movement of the sash'aboutthe pivot assembly 15 (and of course the complementary pivot assembly 16 at the top of the sash). As this finaipulling of the sash to the closed-position takes place, the pivot 35 and the carrier strip 37 on which it is mounted willslide upwardly as viewed in Fig. 8. At this stage ofthe operation the link 33'- has only a rectilinear or sliding movement relative tothe sash, and the movement for closing the window is derived entirely by the travel of the arm32 toward the frame. When the window is finally closed, the parts are as shown in Fig. 10, in which the pivot- 35' is at the other extremity of its travel, the arm 32 is entirely'with in the plane of the frame of the sash and in the space between the bottom rail of the frame and the bottom rail of the sash. The ,latch- 42 remains sprungto' its released position.

Because of the sliding pivot assemblies 15 and 16being formed as they are, they are moved through openings in the frame member 4; and resist any thrust tending to push the window out, and hence cause this edge'of'the sashto'tightly seat and seal against theframe. The usual sash latch 58 (Fig. l) locks the other side of the sash.

When the window is opened the crank 31 of course is turned inthe reversedirection, and in its angular movement it will swing in an are from the plane of the frame out to the position shown in Fig. 8, and during this time the link 33 cannot change its angular position with re spect to the window sash, and the window will be thrust open by the pressure exerted directly againstthe sashby the outward swinging movement of the arm 32. During this movement of the arm 32' the link 33, however, will slide alongthe bottom ofthe sash rail. When the. pivot 35 strikes the abutment 43-, further sliding movement cannot occur, and at this time the pivot 34 will be in the position shown" in Fig. 8. 1 As the arm 32 continues to swing in a counter-clockwise direction the link 3.3- then exerts apull on the pivot 35 which is resisted by the abutment 43, and this causes the inner edge ofthe sash to start to pull away from the frame with the sliding movement being resisted by the hinged link 12. The result is thatcontinued sliding of the pivot arm 15 along its rail toward the position shown in Fig. 2 will cause the window to swing outwardly.

It will thus be seen that in the operation of the window the link 33 in the final stages of closing and the first stages of opening has only a rectilinearor sliding move mentrelative to the sash, but that beyond this first open ing or' final closing, the link 33 has only a relative anglrlar movement with respect to the sash, and no sliding movement. The selection as to when the link 33slides and when it pivots is determined by the relative positions of the sash and the operating arm 32. Itwill also be seen that in the final stages of closing or the initial stages of opening, the sash has only a straight pivoting movement, but beyond these stages it has a combined sliding and pivoting movement.

The mechanism, while somewhat diflicult to describe, is relatively simple, comprising only a few parts which are either readily available at the present time, or can be made with a minimum of cost and manufacturingequipment'. By reason of the arrangement described, the inner edge or pivoted edge of the sash may have a long slid= ing travel so that when the sash is open as shown in Fig. 2, the sash will be close tothe mid point of theframe, and there will be substantial space on each side of the sash for ventilation and for access to the glass for cleaningit. At the same time the mechanism is compact, is completely concealed except for the operating crankwhen the window is closed, and there are no protruding hinges. Moreover the operation of the window is smooth, and is accomplished with little effort, and one turn of the operating crank will for all practical purposes, give the same increment of movement of the sash as any other turn so that the window opens and closes uniformly at auniform speed and with a uniform effort on the crank; The window will stay in any intermediate position between full open and full closed positions, and will be firmly supported and braced in all such positions. Because of the final positive action of the link 32 in pulling the sash closed, the sash will be tightly closed when it is pulled to the closed position and can exert a sealing pressure against weather stripping where that is employed. Because of the use of a raised track for the sliding pivot assembly 15, dirt cannot become lodged in the device in such manner as to interfere with the sliding movement, nor can Water resulting from rain or condensation accumulate in the trackway in such manner as to obstruct operation of the window.

While I have described the inventon with specific reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be understood that the mechanism can be reversed from side to side, so that the window, instead of opening in one direction, will open from the other direction, and it will also be understood that where I have made reference to top and bottom, this is for illustration, and that the mechanism can be applied to a window which turns on horizontal pivots instead of vertical pivots. Also various changes and modifications may be made in the construction particularly with reference to the connection between the link 33 and the window sash by which it has relative angular movement with respect to the sash only in a certain part of the travel of the window, and has rectilinear movement relative to the sash on the other positions of the window.

I claim:

1. For use with a window having a frame and a sash with pivots at two corners of the sash slideable along two rails of the frame and a guide link attached to the sash and frame arranged to cause the sash to swing in an are when the pivots slide along the rails, the herein-defined operating mechanism comprising an arcuately movable arm on the window frame and means for moving said arm, a link connecting the arm and the sash, and means controlled by the relative positions of the sash and said arm for holding said link against angular movement relatively to the sash while leaving it free to move rectilinearly relative to the sash during one portion of the opening and closing of the sash and for confining it against rectilinear movement while leaving it free to move angularly with respect to the sash during another portion of such opening and closing movement.

2. For use with a window having a frame and a sash with pivots at two corners of the sash slideable along two rails of the frame and a guide link attached to the sash and frame arranged to cause the sash to swing in an are when the pivots slide along the rails, the herein-described operating mechanism comprising an operating link having one end connected with the sash for relative sliding and pivoting movement, an arcuately movable operating arm connected to the link, cooperating means on the arm and sash controlled by the relative positions of the sash and the arm for selectively effecting a sliding or pivotal movement of the link relatively to the sash, and operating means for the arm.

3. For use with a window having a frame and a sash with pivots at two corners of the sash slideable along two rails of the frame and a guide link attached to the sash and frame arranged to cause the sash to swing in an are when the pivots slide along the rails, the herein-defined operating mechanism comprising an arcuately movable actuating arm element on the window frame and a link element slideably and pivotally connected with the sash frame and pivotally connected to said arm, means on the sash frame which interlocks with one of said two elements in one range of movement of the sash to hold the link from pivoting relatively to the sash While permitting it to slide, and means for locking the link against sliding movement and permitting only pivoting movement of the link in the other part of its range of travel.

4. For use in combination with a window having a sash and a frame, the herein-defined invention comprising aligned pivot assemblies at two corresponding corners of the sash slidable along two end rails of the frame from one side of the frame toward the middle, a guide link pivoted to the sash intermediate its vertical center line and the turning axis of the pivot assemblies and hinged to the frame at the side of the frame remote from the pivot assemblies, which links cause a swinging of the sash to occur when the pivot assemblies slide along the frame, an operating link slideably and pivotally connected with the sash in a position between the hinge assembly and the pivot where the guide link is pivotally attached to the sash, an arcuately movable operating arm connected to the other end of the link, and means controlled by the relative angular position of the operating arm and the sash for maintaining the link in sliding but non-pivoting relation to the sash when the sash is closed and nearly closed position and in pivoting but non-sliding relation when the sash moves from the near closed to a full open position and from the full open to the near closed position.

5. For use in combination with a window having a sash and a frame, the herein-defined invention comprising aligned pivot assemblies at two corresponding corners of the sash slideable along two end rails of the frame from one side of the frame toward the middle, a guide link pivoted to the sash intermediate its vertical center line and the turning axis of the pivot assemblies and hinged to the frame at the side of the frame remote from the pivot assemblies, which links cause a swinging of the sash to occur when the pivot assemblies slide along the frame, an operating link slideably and pivotally connected with the sash in a position between the hinge assembly and the pivot where the guide link is pivotally attached to the sash, an arcuately movable operating arm connected to the other end of the link, and means controlled by the relative angular position of the operating arm and the sash for maintaining the link in sliding but non-pivoting relation to the sash when the sash is closed and nearly closed position and in pivoting but non-sliding relation when the sash moves from the near closed to a full open position and from the full open to the near closed position, said last-named means comprising a latch on the sash which is operated to released position by engagement with a latch engaging element on the outer end of the operating arm, and which is spring-biased to return to latching position.

6. For use in combination with a window having a sash and a frame, the herein-defined invention comprising aligned pivot assemblies at two corresponding corners of the sash slideable along two end rails of the frame from one side of the frame toward the middle, a guide link pivoted to the sash intermediate its vertical center line and the turning axis of the pivot assemblies and hinged to the frame at the side of the frame remote from the pivot assemblies, which links cause a swinging of the sash to occur when the pivot assemblies slide along the frame, an operating link slideably and pivotally connected with the sash in a position between the hinge assembly and the pivot where the guide link is pivotally attached to the sash, an arcuately movable operating arm connected to the other end of the link, and means controlled by the relative angular position of the operating arm and the sash for maintaining the link in sliding but non-pivoting relation to the sash when the sash is closed and nearly closed position and in pivoting but non-sliding relation when the sash moves from the near closed to a full open position and from the full open to the near closed position, said last-named means comprising a latch on the sash which is operated to released position by engagement with a latch engaging element on the outer end of the operating arm, and which is spring-biased to return to latching position, said latch being connected with a slide strip on the sash, said slide strip having a pivot providing the pivoting connection with the operating link, the sash having a channel in which the slide strip is movable and the latch cooperates with an abutment on said channel, the latch engaging means on the operating arm being positioned to enter said channel and be confined thereby in the near closed to full closed position of the window.

7. The operating mechanism for use with a window frame and sash as defined in claim 2 wherein the relative sliding and pivoting movement of the link includes a pivot on the arm carried by a slide strip on the sash, a stop for limiting the movement of the slide strip in one direction and a spring-biased latch for releasably holding the slide strip in position against the stop, and wherein the operating arm has a latch engaging element for releasing the latch when the sash is moved to a position where said latch contacts the latch-engaging element, the sash having a flanged member thereon with which the latch-engaging element of the arm interlocks when the latch is released and the slide strip is free to move away from said stop and from which the latch-engaging element of the arm disengages when the operating arm is moved in the opposite direction.

8. In a casement window having a frame and a sash, the invention comprising pivot assemblies at the top and bottom of the sash at one side thereof, tracks on the top and bottom. rails of the frame along which the pivot assemblies may move from the corners of the frame when the sash is closed toward the vertical center line of the window when the sash is opened, a guide link pivotally attached to the sash at a point between the vertical center line and the side of the sash having the pivot assemblies at its top and bottom, the other end of the guide link being pivotally secured to the frame at that side of the center most remote from the side of the sash which carries the pivot assemblies, 21 sash operating arm on the bottom rail of the frame between the vertical center line and the side which is most remote from the pivot carrying side of the sash, a guide attached to the bottom rail of the sash extending between the pivot assembly and the middle of the said rail, a slide movable along the guide having a pivot pin thereon, an operating link having one end engaging the pivot pin and one end engaging the operating arm for transmitting movement from the arm to the pivot pin.

9. The window operating defined in claim 8 inwhich the guide has reversely turned flanges at opposite sides thereof and the Operating arm has a roller thereon arranged to enter the guideway between the flanges of said guide during the closing movement of the crank arm to force the sash rail against the rail of the frame.

10. The casement window defined in claim 9 in which a latch attached to the slide holds the slide from moving while the window is being opened and closed through a certain portion of its movement, but which is released by said roller during the portion of the operation in which the roller is engaged between the flanges of the guide.

11. The combination with a window frame and sash mounted in the frame for a combined swinging and sliding movement from a full closed to a full open position, of an operating arm on the frame movable in an arc, an operating link pivotally connected to the arm and slidably and pivotally connected with the sash, and means controlled by the relative position of the sash in the frame for holding the operating link against pivoting movement relative to the frame as the sash is near the closed position while leaving it free to slide and for holding the operating link against sliding movement while leaving it free to pivot relatively to the sash in the movement between the near closed and full open positions of the sash.

12. The combination with a window frame and window sash wherein the sash has pivots at two corners that are slidably mounted in the frame whereby the sash has a sliding and pivotal movement in the frame with one edge pivoted and one free, of a guide link hinged to the sash intermediate its hinged and free edges and to the frame opposite its hinged edge by which any sliding movement of the sash is converted into a compound swinging and sliding movement, an arcuately movable window operating arm on the frame, an operating link pivotally connected with the arm and having both a sliding and a pivotal connection with the sash, and means controlled by the relative position of the window in the frame for selecting whether said operating link has only a sliding movement or only a pivoting movement relatively to the window.

13. The combination defined in claim 12 wherein the frame has recessed receptacles to receive the sliding pivots when the sash is fully closed, the pivots being offset from the corners of the sash on which they are mounted to project into said recesses.

No references cited. 

